Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration


On November 13-15, Thurgood Marshall College and Earl Warren College, in partnership with California Western School of Law and the Helen Edison Lecture Series will commemorate the 1957 incident at Central High in Little Rock and consider its reverberations today.

Distinguished keynote guests Dr. Terrence Roberts (one of the Little Rock 9) and NAACP chairman Julian Bond will speak at 7:30PM, November 13th at the Weiss Forum Theatre and November 14th at the Price Center Ballroom, respectively.

Each evening will also feature a moderated panel of scholars (the 13th will follow the legal legacy of 1954’s groundbreaking case Brown v. Board of Ed through recent Court decisions; the 14th will focus on social ramifications of desegregation over the decades, with a view toward San Diego schools). November 15th at the Weiss Forum at 7:30PM a special program of dramatic material will be performed by noted actress Karole Foreman, with music by Cecil Lytle and members of UCSD faculty and graduate program, and a short screening from PBS’s heralded Eyes on the Prize with narration by Julian Bond. All three events are free to the public.

Phone contact 858-534-1709 Shamara Madrid

This event is made possible by Thurgood Marshall College, Earl Warren College, Chancellor Marye Anne Fox, Helen Edison Lecture Series, California Western School of Law, Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs Penny Rue, Council of Provosts, UCSD Libraries, Office of Research Affairs, Office of Graduate Studies, Dean of Social Sciences, Dean of Arts & Humanities, African American Studies Minor, Law and Society Program, Department of Theatre and Dance, and Department of Music.

“…harmony in race relations is not simply or easily achieved. No matter how comprehensive and clear the law is on this subject, there will always be bigots to promote tensions and patterns of resistance. But the vast majority of people must realize by now that racial equality under the law is basic to our institutions and that we will not and cannot have peace in our nation until the race issue is properly settled. We have, it bears repeating, thirty-four million members of minority groups whose civil rights have not been but must be fully respected. That calls for a combination of effective law and good will. In the absence of both or either of these elements, we can only expect chaos. If there is one lesson to be learned from our tragic experience in the Civil War and its wake, it is that the question of racial discrimination is never settled until it is settled right.”
- Earl Warren (written sometime between 1970 and 1974).

In newspapers across the country, Thurgood Marshall was defiant. The evening before federal troops were to arrive, Marshall said, “Little Rock is not an occupied town,” he told the newsman Mike Wallace. “Troops are there for one purpose only—to see that those children are able to go to school. I hope it’s gotten over to the Southern people that if they allow their governors to defy the Federal Government this is inevitable.” When Wallace asked if he and the NAACP had started a second Civil War, Marshall replied: “ If you mean by Civil War that there is a continuing effort to emancipate Negroes, towards accomplishing what the Civil War was intended to accomplish—yes.”
Juan Williams. Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1998.

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles

Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration

Tuesday, November 13: 8:30 pm:
Law and Judicial Panel
Panelists to include:

The Honorable Randa M. Trapp earned her law degree from Georgetown University Law Center in 1985. Prior to her appointment to the San Diego Superior Court, Judge Trapp was a corporate attorney with Sempra Energy. Judge Trapp has been very involved in the community and was president of the Earl B. Gilliam Bar Association and the local Branch of the NAACP.

Michal Belknap is professor of law at California Western School of Law, and adjunct professor of history at UCSD. His eight books include Federal Law and Southern Order: Racial Violence and Constitutional Conflict in the Post-Brown South. Among his more than thirty articles is “The Real Significance of Brown v. Board of Education” 50 Wayne Law Review 863 (2004).

Andrea Guerrero received her law degree from Boalt Hall at the University of California at Berkeley in 1999 and specializes in complex immigration litigation and appeals. Ms. Guerrero is also an accomplished writer who recently published her first book, Silence at Boalt Hall: The Dismantling of Affirmative Action, on issues of racial diversity in higher education.

Glenn Smith, Professor of Law and visiting Professor of Political Science, University of California, San Diego graduated with a J.D. from New York University. Smith is the creator of a nationally-recognized seminar in which law students learn about the Supreme Court by role-playing as lawyers arguing before it and current justices. He has worked on a program for enhancing high school students' knowledge of constitutional law, and he was national president of Prison Possibilities, Inc., which sponsored innovative training programs to reduce prison inmate recidivism.

Moderator: Ed Spriggs As Associate Vice Chancellor–Resource Administration, Ed oversees financial management for the entire Student Affairs unit at UCSD and served as Acting VC for Student Affairs last summer. Previously, he practiced international corporate law in Washington D.C. and served as director of East Africa Affairs and director of the Regional Center for South Africa with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Ed’s honors include promotion to the rank of Minister-Counselor in the U.S. Foreign Service. He graduated UCSD in 1970.

Wednesday, November 14: 8:30 pm:
Education and Society panel
Panelists to include:

Terrence Roberts, Ph.D. was one of the Little Rock Nine (the nine children who were the first to integrate the Little Rock Public Schools in 1957). Dr. Roberts holds a Ph.D. in Psychology from Southern Illinois University. He is licensed in California as both a psychologist and a social worker. Since 1998, Dr. Roberts has been a desegregation consultant for the Little Rock School District. A published author, he also maintains a general psychology practice in Pasadena, CA.

Robert Alvarez has conducted school ethnographies of at risk students throughout the United States and is a member of the Mexican families that challenged local school segregation in 1931. His work includes research on Mexican immigration, the US-Mexico Border, tropical fruit markets, entrepreneurs and global agriculture. He holds a Phd in social anthropology from Stanford University.

Hugh Mehan is Professor of Sociology and Director of The Center for Research on Educational Equity, Access, and Teaching Excellence (CREATE) at UCSD, appointments that link his commitments to research and practice. CREATE coordinates efforts at UCSD to improve the academic preparation of underrepresented students in the community through partnerships with K-12 schools and districts and the Preuss School, UCSD’s on-campus model charter school.

Nora Gordon, assistant professor of economics at UCSD, teaches public economics and the economics of education. She received her Ph.D. from Harvard University. Her research on the role of financial incentives in the desegregation of Southern schools has been supported by the National Science Foundation and the Spencer Foundation. Her publications include “From Brown to Busing” and "The Causes of Political Integration: An Application to School Districts"

Vincent Riveroll is Director of Gompers Preparatory Academy. His reform efforts to change the culture at low performing schools have caught the attention of his colleagues and educators across America. Director Riveroll served in Office of the Deputy Superintendent for San Diego City Schools as a Mentor Principal in 2004-2005, where he coached other principals on leadership, best practices and the effective running of a school.

Moderator: Cecil Lytle has been Professor of Music at the University of California San Diego since 1974. Lytle was First Prize winner in the Franz Liszt International Piano Competition and since then has earned a reputation as a recitalist performing 19th and 20th century piano music. Professor Lytle was nominated in 1996 for an Emmy for the public television series The Nature of Genius. Cecil Lytle is Board President of Preuss Charter School and the former Provost of Thurgood Marshall College at the University of California, San Diego.

Thursday, November 15: 7:30 pm:
Celebration in Arts & Media

Cecil Lytle has been Professor of Music at the University of California San Diego since 1974. Lytle was First Prize winner in the Franz Liszt International Piano Competition and since then has earned a reputation as a recitalist performing 19th and 20th century piano music. Professor Lytle was nominated in 1996 for an Emmy for the public television series The Nature of Genius. Cecil Lytle is Board President of Preuss Charter School and the former Provost of Thurgood Marshall College at the University of California, San Diego.

Dr. Joseph Watson was born in Harlem, and graduated with a Ph.D. in organic chemistry from UCLA in 1966. He joined the faculty of UCSD that same year as a professor of chemistry. In 1970, he was appointed provost of Third College (first provost of not yet named Thurgood Marshall College) and in 1981 he became Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs for UCSD. A tremendous amount of programming and growth occurred on campus under his energetic supervision.

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles

Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration

From his student days to his current Chairmanship of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), Julian Bond has been an active participant in the movements for civil rights, economic justice. As an activist who has faced jail for his convictions, as a veteran of more than 20 years service in the Georgia General Assembly, as a university professor, and as a writer, he has been on the cutting edge of social change since 1960.

While a student at Morehouse College over forty years ago, he founded the Atlanta student sit-in and anti-segregation organization, and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). As SNCC's Communications Director, Bond was active in protests and registration campaigns throughout the South during one of this nation’s most difficult times.

Elected in 1965 to the Georgia House of Representatives, Bond was prevented from taking his seat by members who objected to his opposition to the Vietnam War. He was re-elected to his own vacant seat and un-seated again, and re-seated only after a third election and a unanimous decision of the United States Supreme Court.

In 1968, he was co-chair of a challenge delegation from Georgia at the Democratic Convention. The challengers were successful in unseating Georgia's regular Democrats, and Bond was nominated for Vice-President, but had to decline because he was too young.

Bond serves as Chairman of the Premier Auto Group PAG (Volvo, Land Rover, Aston-Martin, Jaguar) Diversity Council and is on the Boards of the Southern Poverty Law Center and the Council for a Livable World, and the advisory board of the Harvard Business School Initiative on Social Enterprise, among many others.

Bond has served as commentator on America's Black Forum, the oldest black-owned show in television syndication and his poetry and articles have appeared in numerous publications. He has narrated numerous documentaries, including the Academy Award-winning A Time for Justice and the prize-winning and critically acclaimed series Eyes On The Prize. He has been a commentator on The Today Show and was the author of a nationally syndicated newspaper column called “Viewpoint.” He has published A Time To Speak, A Time To Act, a collection of his essays as well as Black Candidates Southern Campaign Experiences.

Serving since 1998 as Chairman of the Board of the NAACP, the oldest and largest civil rights organization in the United States, Bond continues with his activism, working to educate the public about the history of the Civil Rights movement and the struggles that African Americans and the poor still endure.

In 2002, he received the prestigious National Freedom Award. Throughout his influential career, Bond taught at several universities, including Williams, the University of Pennsylvania, American, Drexel, Harvard and the University of Virginia. The holder of twenty-three honorary degrees, he is a Distinguished Professor at American University in Washington, DC, and serves as Professor of history at the University of Virginia.

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles

Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration

Dr. Roberts was one of the Little Rock Nine (the nine children who were the first to integrate the Little Rock Public Schools in 1957). In his presentation, Dr. Roberts guides participants through the exploration of the lessons to be learned from the chaotic episode at Central High School. He believes that there are still great strides to be made in terms of interactions across lines of demarcation. He endeavors to alleviate the confusion in all the various arenas of difference and diversity that characterize our nation. Little Rock offered dramatic examples of negative approaches to difference and the problem those approaches create. The major part of Dr. Roberts' presentations is devoted to identifying the lessons and urging the audience to commit to using this information.

Dr. Roberts holds a Ph.D. in Psychology from Southern Illinois University and a MSW from the University of California, Los Angeles. He is licensed in California as both a psychologist and a social worker. He has served since 1975 as CEO of Terrence J. Roberts & Associates, a management consultant firm. This group has provided consultation to a wide variety of clients including Cedars Sinai Hospital, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internal Revenue Service and Pepperdine University. The group offers expertise in several areas, including managing racial and ethnic diversity and developing multicultural awareness.

Since 1998, Dr. Roberts has been a desegregation consultant for the Little Rock School District. A published author, he also maintains a general psychology practice in Pasadena, CA. He has received numerous awards and is a member of several boards, including Pacific Oaks College Board of Trustees and the Little Rock Nine Foundation.

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles

Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration

Tuesday, November 13:
9:00 am: Dr. Terrence Roberts guest on These Days radio show with Tom Fudge
KPBS studios, San Diego

12:15 pm: Dr. Roberts' speech
Cal Western School of Law, San Diego

7:30 pm: Dr. Roberts' Keynote address: "Lessons from Little Rock"
Weiss Forum

8:30 pm: "The Path from Brown to Little Rock" Panelists to include:

• Judge Randa Trapp, Former President of the local Chapter of the NAACP; Adjunct Faculty, USD
• Michal Belknap, Professor, Cal Western School of Law
• Glenn Smith, Professor, Cal Western School of Law
• Andrea Guerrero, Chair, Immigrant Rights Consortium Of San Diego County
• Moderator: Ed Spriggs, Associate Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs, UCSD

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles

Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration

Wednesday, November 14:
10: 00 am: Graduate Seminar with Dr. Terrence Roberts
By invitation only
Provost’s Conference Room, Marshall College

11:30 am: Library visit by Dr. Roberts, Geisel Library

7:30 pm: Julian Bond Keynote Address: “Civil Rights – Now and Then”
Price Center

8:30 pm: "From Lemon Grove to Little Rock: the Legal Legacy" Panelists to include:

• Robert Alvarez, Professor, Ethnic Studies, UCSD
• Hugh (Bud) Mehan, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology; Director of The Center for Research on Educational Equity, Access, and Teaching Excellence (CREATE), UCSD
• Vince Riveroll, Director, Gompers Preparatory Academy
• Terrence Roberts, Ph.D., member of the Little Rock 9, Professor, Antioch University Los Angeles
• Nora Gordon, Professor of Economics, UCSD
• Moderator: Cecil Lytle, Professor of Music, UCSD

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles

Julian Bond
Chairmain, NAACP

Reconsidering Little Rock:
50 Years After the Start of School Integration

Thursday, November 15:
7:30 – 9:30 pm: Celebration in Arts & Media
Weiss Forum
To include the following events:

• Piano performance by Professor Cecil Lytle and ensemble.
• Performance by Karole Foreman, Marshall College artist in residence.
• Eyes on the Prize segment screening, introduction by former Vice-Chancellor of Student Affairs Dr. Joseph Watson.

This evening is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Floyd Gaffney

Dr. Terrence Roberts
Member of the Little Rock 9
Professor, Antioch University of Los Angeles